Wanted to see what the big deal is with free VPNs lately so I spun up a few on an old laptop, ran some speed tests from my basement. You know the drill - a server in netherlands, one in toronto, baseline with no VPN. The drop was predictably brutal but not just that, it's so inconsistent. One minute you're getting maybe 40% of your base speed next minute the connection just drops for like ten seconds and comes back. Makes me wonder where that bandwidth is going. More than the speeds though I'm just curious about the mechanics of it now. Like how does a company offering a legitimately free tier make money, we all say they sell data but I want to know what that process looks like. Is it aggregated browsing patterns they bundle up? Are they injecting their own ad trackers into pages you visit? The terms are always this massive wall of text nobody reads and I think that's the real hidden cost - your time trying to figure out what you actually agreed to. Might need to set up a little lab environment and sniff some traffic, see what leaks out.